Radiation is both an inherent by-product of many technologies that we depend upon, and also a great threat to human health and safety. While radiation
exposure is in some ways inevitable, we are exposed to radiation every time we
step outside in the form of UV rays, radiation can nevertheless pose significant
health risks. Ionizing radiation can damage the chemical bonds between molecules
and even damage the DNA of the affected cells. Moreover, exposure to ionizing
radiation is known to increase the risks for cancer. Radiation causes micro
damage to the living tissue that result in skin burns. Continuous high level
exposure to radiation can lead to radiation sickness which includes cell damage.
Even low level exposures can cause damage if the time of the exposure is
significant. Beyond the health risks posed to humans, radiation can also have
detrimental effects on the environment.
Various methods are used to protect individuals and the environment from the harmful effects of radiation,
otherwise known as Radiation Shielding. Radiation shielding is the preparation
or discipline of utilizing methods and materialsto protect the living forms on
earth from the dangerous effects of radiation. Some materials are better suited
than others to act as a ‘shielding’ material, whereby the radiation is either
mitigated or absorbed by the material, thereby lessening or preventing some of
the dangerous rays from transmitting. Effective radiation shielding materials
are generally those with high densities, with lead being the most commonly used
shielding material to date.
Today, we utilize many important technologies which produce radiation, such as nuclear power plants, medical
x-ray procedures, and many more. In such cases, it is extremely important to
utilize effective radiation shielding materials so as to still be able to use
the necessary technologies while minimizing the damaging effects of the
transmitted radiation.
It is absolutely essential to utilizereliable materials for shielding so as to avoid these damaging effects of ionizing
radiation. It is crucial to note that not all the materials are capable for
shielding. Hence, it becomes very necessary to use a consistent and effectual
material for the shielding. The effectiveness of the materials used in shielding
depends upon the thickness of the materials used. The alpha, beta and gamma
radiation can be stopped by the varying the thickness of the materials used.
Density is another aspect which greatly affects a materials’ shielding effectiveness.Because of its high density, and because it is a relatively
abundant and cheap material, lead has been used as the radiation shielding
material of choice because it is particularly good at absorbing damaging rays.
With that said, lead is associated with its own health risks, and as a result
there is growing demand for lead-free shielding materials.
A woman holds a dog in a shelter for the victims of the earthquake, at the Mexico University Center in Mexico City, capital of Mexico, on Sept. 25, 2017.
The latest death toll from a powerful 7.1-magnitude quake that hit central
Mexico on Sept. 19 climbed to 324 on Monday, more than half of them in Mexico
City. The head of the national civil protection agency, Luis Felipe Puente, said
186 people were killed in the capital, where the seismic tremors toppled at
least 38 buildings and damaged thousands of others. (XinhuaFrancisco Canedo)
In pics: paddy fields across China
Scenery of high-speed rail networks in south China's Guangxi
Autumn scenery of Kanas scenic area in NW China's Xinjiang
10th Pink Ribbon Charity Walk held in Switzerland
Chinese, Pakistani air forces conduct joint drill
China Focus: Beijing-Shanghai railway speed rises to 350 kph
Highlights of 10th China Acrobatics Golden Chrysanthemum Awards
Wildlife paradise: Changtang National Nature Reserve in China's Tibet
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