A chemical laser is a special type of gas element, that is, a type of laser that uses energy released by a chemical reaction to achieve population inversion. Most of these lasers operate in molecular transitions with typical wavelengths ranging from near-infrared to mid-infrared. The most important ones are hydrogen fluoride (HF) and cesium fluoride (DF). The former can output more than 15 lines between 2.6 and 3.3 microns; the latter has about 25 lines between 3.5 and 4.2 microns. Both devices currently have several megawatts of output. Due to its huge energy, it is generally used in nuclear engineering and military fields.
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After the laser optical lens is finely ground by the grinding liquid, the surface of the laser optical lens has a crack layer of about 2–3 m thick, and the method for eliminating the crack layer is polishing. The polishing and polishing mechanisms are the same, except that the tool material used is different from the slurry. The materials used for polishing are cloth, polyurethane and pitch, usually high precision. Polished surface, the most commonly used material is high purity polished asphalt.
The use of asphalt for polishing is carried out by the fine surface of the asphalt, which drives the polishing liquid to grind the surface of the lens to heat, so that the glass melts and flows, melts the rough apex and fills the bottom of the crack, and gradually removes the crack layer. At present, the polishing powder used for polishing glass lenses uses CeO2 as the main laser focusing mirror, and the proportion of the polishing liquid is different depending on the polishing period of the lens. Generally, the polishing liquid is used at the initial stage of polishing and when the mold is closed with the polishing mold. After the surface of the lens is bright, use a thinner polishing solution to avoid orange peel on the mirror surface (atomization of the lens surface).
Polishing is the same as that used for grinding. Except that the polishing tool is different from the working fluid, the environmental conditions required for polishing are also more severe than those of grinding. Generally, the matters to be noted when polishing are as follows: There should be no impurities in the surface of the polished asphalt and the polishing liquid, otherwise the mirror surface will be scratched. The surface of the polished asphalt should conform to the surface of the lens, otherwise it will bounce during polishing, thus biting the polishing powder and scratching the surface of the lens.
Before polishing, it must be determined whether the lens surface has scratches or punctures caused by the wholesale MgF2 optics protection mirror left after grinding. Whether the size and material of the polishing tool are appropriate. Whether the hardness and thickness of the asphalt are appropriate. Attention must be paid to the condition and accuracy of the lens surface during the polishing process. Inspection of the surface of the lens, because the process of detection is judged by personal vision and methods, the inspector should have a deep understanding of the specifications of scratches and sand holes, and often compare the standard patterns of scratches and sand holes. To ensure the correctness of the test.
