Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison)who conducted experiments with monkeys found that saliva does notappear to be an approach to
spread Zika, according to the studypublished in the U.S. journal Nature
Communications.
"If passing the virus by casual contact were easy, I think wewould see a lot more of what we would call secondary transmissionin a place like the United
States," Tom Friedrich, a virologyprofessor at the UW-Madison School of
Veterinary Medicine air max 720 scontate , said ina statement.
"But we're not seeing clinically apparent spread of Zikathroughout the continental U.S. without the presence of themosquitoes that carry the virus, and
our study helps to put intocontext some of the transmission risk."
Scientists believe that mosquito bites are the source of mostZika virus infections in people.
The virus can also be spread by sexual intercourse, but it hasbeen unclear whether the saliva of an infected person posed adanger.
In the new study, researchers infected monkeys with the strainof Zika virus that has been circulating in North and South Americain recent years, and
collected saliva from the infected ones.
Then, they swabbed the tonsils of five uninfected monkeys withthe saliva air max 720 saldi italia , and for comparison, swabbed the tonsils of threemonkeys with a concentrated high
dose of Zika virus insolution.
None of the saliva-swabbed monkeys developed an infection, nordid a pair of monkeys who had infected saliva swabbed in theirnostrils or eyelids.
However, all three monkeys who had high-dose virus applieddirectly to their tonsils in the absence of saliva got infected,though the infection took slightly
longer to develop than inmonkeys infected under their skin.
Actually, the study's infected monkeys had very little activevirus in their saliva nike air max 720 saldi , compared to the amounts typically passedinto people or monkeys by mosquito
bites, the researchers said.
Meanwhile, there are also anti-microbial components in salivamaking that low level of virus even less infectious than it mightbe in another medium, they
said.
In addition, saliva is "viscous" stuff, which hinders theability of the Zika virus to move and get to cells that they couldinfect.
However air max 720 saldi , the researchers were also quick to point out amysterious case of Zika transmission -
between an elderly man andhis caretaker son in Utah last year -- that ruled
outbetter-understood routes such as mosquitoes or sexual activity.
The son became infected apparently after having contact with hisdeceased father who had a "uniquely high amount" of virus -- morethan 100,000 times
higher than seen in other samples of infectedpeople -- in the blood.
"The case in Utah was an outlier -- by orders of magnitude -- interms of the amount of virus that was present in his blood,"Friedrich said.
"Transmission via saliva is theoretically possible, but it wouldrequire extraordinarily high viral loads that just aren't presentin the vast majority of
infected people."
Most people do not have symptoms or will have only mild symptomswhen infected with Zika, but the virus has been linked to a seriousbirth defect called
microcephaly and other severe brain defects inbabies whose mothers were infected
during pregnancy. Enditem
by Valentini Anagnostopoulou
ATHENS, July 31 (Xinhua) -- As Greece expects yet another boom in tourism this summer Uomo Nike Air Max 2019 Scarpe Nere Saldi , short-term vacation rentals in Athens have reached new record-breaking levels. According to the independent
"Inside Airbnb" service, Athens properties listed on the popular platform have
doubled since the beginning of 2017, currently surpassing 5,130.
In a crisis-stricken country, where homeownership has been a long-standing tradition, many proprietors have found it hard in recent years to cope with
heavy taxation or mortgage on their properties. Short-term rental has given many
of them a way out of their financial dead end Donne Nike Air Max 2019 Scarpe Grigie Rosa Saldi , while others see in Airbnb a chance to multiply the profit they would normally make from traditional
forms of lease.
"More and more owners of properties near the city center turn to Airbnb, because of the high touristic demand, the considerable earnings and the fiscal
framework which still remains vague in Greece," Dimitrios Vekakis, consultant
for Niavis Real Estate and Ergon Investment told Xinhua. "Especially nowadays,
not many people can afford to leave a property unexploited Uomo Nike Air Max 270 KPU TPU Scarpe Nere Saldi ," he added.
A survey conducted by Airbnb and Athens University of Economics and Business from October 2013 to September 2014 has found that 68 percent of the hosts claim
that they rely on this income to stay afloat in difficult economic times.
"It offers a stable job that can be done by anyone. You don't have to be specialized. A high-school graduate and a university professor alike can do this
job more or less in the same way," Demosthenes Tsopanakis told Xinhua inside the
home he grew up in at the foothills of the Acropolis. "Who is better at this job
only depends on their communication skills and how gifted they are in
hospitality," he added.
27-year-old Tsopanakis and his brother got into the short-term rental business in May 2016, although they had no previous experience in touristic
operations. Until then, Tsopanakis didn't have a stable job, while his younger
brother was poorly paid in an office position.
"My family already owned this listed historic building Nike Air Max 270 Flyknit Scarpe Nere Arancione Saldi , so we decided to put it on Airbnb and profit as much as we could from it," he added. The
impressive neoclassical building of the early 20th century with the beautiful
Parthenon view became an instant hit. This encouraged the Tsopanakis brothers to
go deeper in the short-rental industry.
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