‘Heat-not-burn’ Alternative to E-cigarettes May Harm Heart
A new review suggests “heat-not-burn” tobacco devices may threaten cardiovascular health. The review is published ahead of print in the
American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology.To get
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Heat-not-burn products—which may include noncombustible cigarettes—are relatively new in the U.S. In these, tobacco is heated to
a lower temperature than traditional combustible cigarettes to release a
tobacco-flavored vapor that contains nicotine. Unlike traditional
cigarettes, heat-not-burn apparatuses do not produce fire, smoke or ash.
However, devices of this kind release aerosol particles that pollute
the air, including carcinogenic chemicals and molecules (reactive oxygen
species) that can cause DNA damage and cell death.
E-cigarettes heat liquid nicotine-containing chemicals to their boiling point to produce a vapor that is inhaled. Studies suggest that
lung injuries associated with traditional vaping could cause users to
turn to heat-not-burn devices as an alternative to e-cigarettes. But
“while emissions of pollutants from [heat-not-burn] tobacco products
[are] likely reduced versus traditional cigarette smoking, these
reductions may not be biologically significant,” authors of a new review
wrote. Emerging research suggests inhaling nicotine-rich tobacco vapor
with a noncombustible device may be less hazardous than traditional
cigarettes but that they carry health risks to the heart as well as the
lungs.
The reviewers analyzed nearly 50 human and rodent studies and found that heat-not-burn tobacco product-associated inhalants led to a variety
of markers suggestive of heart disease and impaired blood vessel
health, including:The body of literature about the effects of
heat-not-burn products is small, but it is growing as these devices
become more widely used. “Further clinical, animal and in vitro studies
must be developed to explore the cardiovascular effects of
[heat-not-burn] tobacco products,” the authors wrote. Additional
research “will assist lawmakers and regulatory bodies around the globe
in making informed decisions regarding this novel nicotine-delivery
method.”
