Coffee: Does it offer health benefits?

Coffee has a long history of being blamed for many ills — from the humorous, "It will stunt your growth" to the not-so-humorous claim that it causes heart disease and cancer. But some recent research indicates that coffee may not be so bad after all. So which is it — good or bad for your health? The best answer may be: It doesn't seem to hurt and it may help.

One large study of 128,000 men and women showed no increase in the risk of heart disease from drinking filtered coffee. The findings — which will publish on May 2, 2006, in the journal "Circulation" — indicated that it didn't matter how much coffee participants drank.

But another study of 4,000 coffee drinkers published in March 2006 in the "Journal of the American Medical Association" found that two or more cups of coffee a day can increase the risk of heart disease in people with a specific genetic mutation that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body.

The design of a study can have some effect on the interpretation of results, which may be another reason for the different conclusions. Given the large number of participants in the study that showed no risk, it would be reasonable to conclude that coffee poses little or no threat to health.

However, this is not to say that you should disregard the old maxim, "Everything in moderation." Although coffee may not be harmful, other beverages such as milk and juice contain important nutrients that coffee does not.

Regarding other health effects of coffee, some evidence suggests that drinking coffee may protect against type 2 diabetes and colon cancer. But there is much more evidence of a protective effect from fruits, vegetables and whole grains than from coffee. So enjoy your coffee as part of a healthy diet that includes a wide variety of foods.