Surface irrigation is an ancient water technology field facilities
air max 1 fleur femme , but it is still the world particularly in developing countries, a widely used method of irrigation, about the world in more than 90%
of irrigated area. There are more than 98% of China's irrigated area is still
using the traditional surface irrigation techniques. In view of our water and
energy shortages, lack of economic strength, the majority of rural areas, low
level of technical management of the reality of large area spraying,
micro-irrigation and other advanced irrigation technology is also subject to
considerable limitations, so for a long period of time , the country also need
to increase the field engineering construction, and strong research and promote
water-saving type of surface irrigation technology. First, land formation,
designed the ditch, plot size and irrigation technical parameters Land formation
is to improve the quality of surface irrigation technology and irrigation to
reduce irrigation time and labor to improve irrigation efficiency and water
output is an important measure. Combined with the formation of land reform in
field engineering, planning long border (groove) for a short stretch of
(communication), wide stretch of the narrow stretch of change design and
reasonable size, and into the plot Qigou (channel) flow, can greatly improve
irrigation uniformity and irrigation efficiency. Shaanxi Luohuiqu studies show
that the unit discharge into the plot for the 3 ~ 5L s, the irrigation quota
changes with the long cardigan, cardigan long as 30 meters from 100 meters to,
the irrigation quota to reduce 150 ~ 204m? hm?; when the plot of 30 ~ 100 meters
long, the stretch of unit discharge from 2L s to 5L s, scale irrigation can
reduce the 150 ~ 225m? hm?. Baojixia Irrigation contrast to deep percolation
test, the irrigation quota is less than 675m? Hm?, Basically does not occur
seepage; irrigation quota 825 ~ 990m? Hm?, About 150m? Hm? Deep infiltration of
water produced leakage; irrigation quota 1350m? hm? when half of the water
seepage into deep water. China's large territory and local differences in
topography and soil, so the difficult uniform standard throughout the field test
results should be based on established computer models, experiments and computer
simulations, are given appropriate for the local irrigation Qigou size and
technical parameters. Second, improving wet surface irrigation methods, the
development of local sub-irrigation Improve the traditional surface irrigation
wetting all the way to furrow (Border) wet alternate irrigation or partial
irrigation
nike air max 90 fleur rose , soil evaporation during recess not only reduced the total evapotranspiration accounts for the proportion of farmland, so
that the field soil water use efficiency can be significantly improved, and can
better to improve the crop root zone soil permeability, promote deep root system
bar, is conducive to the use root deep soil water storage, dual characteristics
of both water and increase production, is worth promoting. Practice shows that
wheat and maize intercropping repeat irrigation, cotton, corn and other row
crops across wide furrow irrigation or furrow irrigation, wet area can be
reduced by 50%, saving up to 30%, and yield increased 5% to 10%. Maize sowing
with water, can water 900m? Hm?, Saving 90 to 105 kwh, an increase rate of about
16%, increase rate of about 28%. Third, to improve water distribution methods,
the development of intermittent irrigation Improve water distribution methods,
the traditional trench, cardigan a Drainage changed to the intermittent water
distribution, intermittent irrigation (also known as surge flow irrigation),
known as the 80's a big surface irrigation technology breakthrough. Drainage
flow was intermittent to surge forward like, because the soil pores will be
automatically closed, the soil surface to form a thin closed layer of water to
promote faster. When using the same amount of water in irrigation, intermittent
irrigation for continuous irrigation flow forward from 1 to 3 times, thus
greatly reducing the seepage and improve irrigation uniformity, field water
utilization factor of 0.8 to 0.9. 4, improved furrow Drainage Facilities
Drainage facilities improved furrow, using siphon (for open channel water) or
terrestrial mobile gate hole pipe (for pipe) Drainage, Drainage
nike air max 90 fleurs femme , compared with the artificial opening, the field of water use efficiency can be increased by 5% to 10%. Currently these facilities
are still in the experimental stage of domestic, not mass production. Therefore,
it is necessary to carry out joint research on these facilities, materials and
processing technology of in-depth research, toward the standardization of
technology, production scale, to promote wider use direction to develop. Fifth,
to develop water saving irrigation soil moisture film Irrigation is my film
mulching cultivation technology in the developed on the basis of a new method of
surface irrigation. It is the film tile or ditch in the plot, plot, ditch all
covered by plastic film to achieve the water use of plastic film, and the
raceway through the hole and professional crop irrigation for crop irrigation
hole infiltration method. As the raceway professional irrigation bore holes and
the field irrigated area accounts for only 1% to 5%, and other wet areas rely
mainly on lateral water seepage, which film is actually a local irrigation
irrigation. At present, the use of film hole irrigation of farmland in Xinjiang
reached 23.33 hectares, Gansu, Henan and other provinces began to promote.
Rotary irrigation situation is ditching film film ridge irrigation, irrigation
training ridge film, film hole irrigation, irrigation ditch membrane, membrane
seam irrigation, cell membrane field irrigation, irrigation and other membrane
side of the membrane. Membrane irrigation crops are cotton, vegetables, corn,
wheat, etc.. Film culture and film combined with wat
