Lol Chandni.

Yeah, that's me!

Asian said:

get him reg on shaadi dot come lol

gothic pakistani male seeks, half dead female, with GSOH (good sense of humor) for scaring and moon lit roti handee eating

Lol, you're asking me to get him registered on that site?

Why can't you do it, madam?
And besides, I'm sure franky has a gf.

Frankenstein said:

ps3..??

Yesh!!

Rehan M Din said:

MISS SCORPIO said:

Ashii said:

te na sahi
ab to me wapis bhi aa gai

Lol, welcome back.
Aab yaha sey matt hilna, varna!

bikhar jaen gi kya???

Haan hah!

rapunzel said:

MISS SCORPIO said:

Well done again, janu.

Mwaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahhhhh!!

There's always two sides to every story, I just don't agree to those who act like they have 'gold cards' for relatives, when they themselves are living comfortably.

It's kinda pathetic really, but a person has to question the motives of those who travel from the west to Asian countries & act like their kings living it up. I know afew people here that are living off the state & when they go back home they act like their the desi version's of rap stars.

Unfortunately people's idiocy & ignorance will never cease when it comes to greed.

Many stones that are not rubies are nevertheless called rubies. The balas, or balas ruby, for example, is a type of spinel; the Bohemian ruby is rose quartz; the Siberian ruby is red or pink tourmaline; American ruby, Cape ruby, Montana ruby, and Rocky Mountain ruby are varieties of garnet.

The finest rubies are found in central Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) in the neighborhood of Mogok, where rubies have been found since the 15th century in metamorphosed limestones as well as in the overlying weathered zones. Important deposits of rubies are also found in Thailand, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, India, China, and the former Soviet republics.

Precious Corundums are sought after; especially fine rubies are much appreciated and can achieve prices surpassed only by emeralds and diamonds.

In the U.S. rubies are mined in North Carolina and near Helena, Montana.

In addition to their importance as highly prized gems, these July birth stones are used in industry as jeweled bearings in watches and scientific instruments.

Synthetic rubies were first produced in 1837 by fusing alum and chromium-oxide pigment at a high temperature. Improvements in the manufacture of synthetic rubies since then have made possible the production of synthetic stones, which are very much like the natural stone in physical and chemical properties.

Synthetic rubies are used as gems, but about 75 percent of the annual production of synthetic rubies are used in the manufacture of watches and instruments.

The Rosser Reeves stone (left) is one of the finest star rubies. It weighs 138.7 carats.

Other famous rubies are the 167 carat Edwards ruby (British Museum) and 100 carat DeLong star ruby.

The Black Prince Ruby in the Imperial State Crown in London is actually a 170 carat spinel.

FACTS ABOUT RUBY - The July Birth Stone

Ruby, the July birth stone, is a precious gem that occurs as a red, transparent variety of the mineral corundum, which is the second hardest mineral after diamond. Sapphire includes all other colored gem variety.

Ruby color varies in different specimens from rose red through so-called ruby red and carmine to a deep purplish red, called "pigeon blood." Clear stones of the deeper shades are the most highly prized.

When cut into a cabochon (a nonconvex) form, some specimens of ruby exhibit asterism; that is, a six-rayed star can be seen in the interior of the stone caused by inclusions, which are needle-like extensions of other mineral crystals (such as rutile) trapped within the primary stone. Such rubies, called star rubies, are also highly prized.

Ruby Facts

In the U.S. rubies are mined in North Carolina and near Helena, Montana.
Ruby color varies in different specimens from rose red through so-called ruby red and carmine to a deep purplish red, called "pigeon blood." Clear stones of the deeper shades are the most highly prized.

Many stones that are not rubies are nevertheless called rubies. The balas, or balas ruby, for example, is a type of spinel; the Bohemian ruby is rose quartz; the Siberian ruby is red or pink tourmaline; American ruby, Cape ruby, Montana ruby, and Rocky Mountain ruby are varieties of garnet.The finest rubies are found in central Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) in the neighborhood of Mogok, where rubies have been found since the 15th century in metamorphosed limestones as well as in the overlying weathered zones. Important deposits of rubies are also found in Thailand, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, India, China, and the former Soviet republics.

FACTS ABOUT SILVER

Basic Information

Symbol: Ag

Silver possesses, it's working qualities similar to gold but can achieve the most brilliant polish of any metal. To make it durable for jewelry, however, pure silver (999 fineness) is often alloyed with small quantities of copper. In many countries, Sterling Silver (92.5% silver, 7.5% copper) is the standard for Jewelry and has been since the 14th century.

The copper toughens the silver and makes it possible to use silver 925 for decorative and fashionable jewelry.

In the earliest Egyptian records, it was considered more precious than gold. Interestingly, with all of silver's magical power, owning silver at various times was restricted, especially if it was in the form of jewelry. Throughout history, wearing silver jewelry was often a social privilege - not a right - reserved for upper classes.

By the 18th century, things began to change in Europe and a new fashion fad surfaced: silver buckles appeared on shoes where laces had always been. Although today we generally consider shoe buckles to be functional items, back in the 1700's, they were a form of jewelry.

Silver jewelry was a significant indicator of status until the very end of the 18th century, because it was limited to a privileged few. It was the Industrial Revolution, through mass manufacturing, which finally made jewelry available to the general population.

Today's most creative and innovative designers are attracted to sterling due to its low price and the fact, it's so soft and malleable, that silver can be shaped into infinite forms.

At a time when everyone seems to be cutting costs yet, in need of giving their spirits as well their wardrobes a lift, retailers around the world are stocked with a wide selection of the "hottest" silver 925 looks at prices guaranteed not to break the bank. Unlike costume jewelry, sterling silver endures and can be enjoyed for a lifetime, and is more affordable than other precious metals.

To be assured you're buying the real thing, always look for the stamp, "925."

With today's anti-tarnishing processes, as well as easy cleaning techniques, caring for sterling silver jewelry is simpler than ever. Add to this silver's value, durability, fashionability and consistent quality, and it is no wonder that it has retained its popularity over time.

Throughout the ages, silver jewelry has been associated with magical powers; believed to promote healing, bring good luck and for warding off evil spirits to the wearer.

While these beliefs are not part of mainstream thinking today, some people still hold them true.

Silver has always been held in high esteem and displayed as a status symbol since it was mined approx. 4,000 BC in Asia Minor.

Gold is so rare, only 90,000 tons of it have been taken from the earth in recorded history.

Gold is so rare that the world pours more steel in an hour than it has poured gold since the beginning of time.

South Africa leads the world in gold production. Other countries leading world production are Russia, Canada, and the United States.

Gold is so heavy that one cubic foot of it weighs one half a ton.

A one ounce natural gold nugget is rarer than a 5 carat diamond.

Experts estimate that there are only 41,000 tons of gold left in the earth to mine.

Gold is so malleable and soft that one ounce can be stretched into a wire 50 miles long.

Gold is so malleable that one ounce can be hammered into a sheet so thin it would cover 100 square feet.

Gold has lustrous beauty, it’s easily workable, it is rare, and it is virtually indestructible - four characteristics that no other precious metal possess.

The jewelry industry uses about 1,000 tons of gold per year and dentistry uses 87 tons.

All the gold in the world could be compressed into an 18 yard cube.

Gold has been used by man for more than 66 centuries, In fact, the first nugget mined, now over 6,000 years old, probably exists in some form today because of its durability, considering the way gold is remelted and recast, that first nugget could be part of a ring, watch, or gold chain that you are wearing.

Facts about Gold:

Gold, like no other metal, has a fascinating history and a special place in the world. For thousands of years it has been used as an ornament of kings, a currency and standard for global currencies, and more recently, in a wide range of electronic devices and medical applications.

Gold's many unique properties have secured it a central role in history and human development. Gold is a remarkable, rare metal, with an unparalleled combination of chemical and physical properties. It is the only yellow metal and bears its name from the Old English word for yellow, 'geolu'. It is also the only metal that forms no oxide film on it's surface in air at normal temperatures, meaning that it will never rust or tarnish.

Gold's chemical symbol, Au, comes from the latin word for gold, aurum. In the Periodic Table of Elements, gold is classified as a transitional metal with the following characteristics;


Symbol: Au
Atomic number: 79
Atomic mass: 196.96655 amu
Number of protons/electrons: 79
Number of neutrons: 118
Melting point: 1,064.43°C (1,337.58°K, 1,947.97°F)
Boiling point: 2,807.0°C (3,80.15°K, 5,084.6°F)
Density @ 293°K: 19.32 grams per cubic centimeter
Crystal structure: cubic



Gold may be alloyed with various other metals to give it special properties. In its pure form, gold has a metallic luster and is sun yellow, but when mixed or alloyed with other metals, such as silver (Ag), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), tellurium (Te), and iron (Fe), creates various color hues ranging from silver-white to green and orange-red. Usually, red, yellow and green golds are made by adding varying amounts of copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) to produce alloys of 10 to 14 carats. White golds have traditionally been made by alloying nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) with gold, but more recently silver (Ag) and palladium (Pd) have replaced the zinc. These color variation treatments to gold are mostly used in jewellery.

Properties of Gold

An unparalleled combination of chemical and physical properties make gold invaluable to a wide range of everyday applications. One of the most important of these properties is gold's virtual indestructibility. Gold is the most non-reactive of all metals. It is called a "noble" metal (an alchemistic term) because it does not oxidize under ordinary conditions, meaning that it will never rust and never tarnish. Gold's physical properties of high electrical conductivity and chemical inertness make it an excellent and reliable conductor, particularly in harsh environments, where temperatures can range from -55°C to 200°C. The use of gold in circuitry ensures reliability of equipment operation, particularly in the vital activation of safety airbag mechanisms in motor vehicles or deployment of satellites and spacecraft.No other metal is as ductile or as malleable as gold. A single ounce of the metal can be drawn into a wire five miles long. Gold can be hammered into sheets so thin that light can pass through. High purity gold reflects infrared (heat) energy almost completely, making it ideal for heat and radiation reflection. Gold-coated visors protected astronauts' eyes from searing sunlight on the Apollo 11 moon landing.

Gold is also an excellent conductor of thermal energy. It is used in many electronic processes to draw heat away from delicate instruments. For example, the main engine nozzle of the space shuttle uses a 35% gold alloy.

Gold Colors

White gold is very popular right now. It can be in 18-karat or 14-karat gold (but not in 22-karat, as it is yellow gold). There are two basic types of white gold alloys: white gold mixed with nickel and white gold mixed with palladium. Nickel can be mixed with gold to create a white or gray color, but some people have an allergy to nickel. Palladium is another metal used to create white gold. Palladium is better but it costs more.

Copper creates pink and rose tones in gold.The more the copper, the deeper will be the effect.

Greenish shades are created by adding silver to gold.

Rose gold and Green gold can be 18-karat or 14-karat but the color is stronger in the 14-karat alloys.

Purple gold. It is referred as amethyst or violet gold. Purple gold is obtained by mixing gold and aluminium in a certain fixed ratio. Gold content is almost 79% and therefore it is qualified to be referred to as 18K gold.

Blue gold is made as an inter-metallic compound between gold and indium . The gold gets a bluish hue color with this process.

Black gold is created using a few techniques. Electro-deposition using black rhodium or ruthenium is the first technique. Controlled oxidation of Carat gold containing cobalt or chromium can also be made to create black gold. Amorphous carbon is also used some times, with the Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition process.

Uses of Gold

Gold has been prized by people since the earliest times for making statues and icons and also for jewelry to adorn their bodies. Intricately sculptured art objects and adornment jewelry have been uncovered in the Sumerian royal Tombs in southern Iraq and the tombs of Egyptian kings. Significant buildings and religious temples and statues have been covered with thinly beaten sheets of gold. Due to its rarity, gold has long been considered a symbol of the wealth and power of its possessor.

In 2001, it was estimated that 2870 tons of gold were produced worldwide. About 80 percent of that gold production was used to make jewelry, the majority of which was sold in India, Europe and the United States of America. Gold jewelry is universally popular, loved for its lustrous yellow color and untarnishing character. In many Asian countries, such as India, Thailand, and China, gold is important to religious ceremonies and social occasions, such as the Chinese New Year and Hindu marriages in India.Importantly, gold is still regarded throughout much of the world as a store of financial value, particularly in many developing countries. However it has many other vital uses in modern life.

Each year approximately 660 tons of gold are used in telecommunications, information technology, medical treatments, and various industrial applications. Due to its high electrical conductivity, gold is a vital component of many electrical devices, including computers. It is used in the manufacture of approximately 50 million computers each year, as well as millions of televisions, DVDs, VCRs, video cameras and mobile phones.

Gold has been used in medicine since 1927, when it was found to be useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Even before then it was used in dentistry, in fillings and false teeth. Because it is non-toxic and biologically benign, gold is perfect for many medical applications. Surgeons use gold instruments to clear blocked coronary arteries. In another medical procedure, gold pellets are injected into the body to help obstruct the spread of prostate cancer in men. Gold is also used in lasers, which allow surgeons to seal wounds quickly or treat once-inoperable heart conditions. Thin gold wires are used in many surgical procedures to provide strong and inert support.

Gold as an Investment
In the West pension funds and mutual funds keep typically around 4% of their assets in gold partly as a hedge against inflation, partly as an alternative to major currencies such as the dollar and partly as an insurance against a major financial crisis. To invest in gold they buy shares in gold mines or futures contracts. There is an irony in this: in the event of the kind of meltdown they are insuring against, shares, futures contracts, even bullion deposited in a bank would in all likelihood be worthless. Only physical possession of gold would count.

In Asian countries many people prefer to keep their savings in gold rather than government paper. They buy gold in the form of jewelry or gold bars. In their long histories systemic risk has been more than just an abstract theory; its a historical and contemporary reality.

Thai gold jewelry costs only around 4% over the spot price of gold. This is about the same as gold coins . If you buy gold in the form of jewelry you have the added advantage of being able to use and enjoy it. You can't wear your coins or your share certificates to your friend's party! Hallmarked gold jewelry in the western world so exceeds the value of the bullion it contains that it could never be considered an an investment.

For the westerner, buying Thai gold has significant tax advantages.

SOME FACTS ABOUT GOLD

The chemical symbol for gold is Au, from the Latin aurum, which means 'shining dawn'. Aurora was the Roman goddess of dawn which links to the warm, yellow colour of gold. Gold and Copper are the only two non white coloured metals.

Gold and copper were the first metals to be discovered by man, around 5000BC, and together with silver these three metals are found in the metallic state in the earth's crust. Gold is still mined in its metallic form in over 60 countries around the world.

Gold is referred to as a precious and a noble metal. Gold has an excellent chemical stability with a high resistance to corrosion and oxidation. However, this is just one of the many properties that gold possesses, which when considered in combination with each other have led to a number of exciting and often unique industrial applications.

The purity of gold is measured in Carats. A Carat was originally a unit of mass (weight) based on the Carob seed or bean which was used by ancient merchants in the Middle East. The Carat is still used for the weight of gem stones where 1 carat = 200mg. For gold is is used to measure the purity where pure gold is 24 carats. The following table shows the range from pure gold at 24 Carats to less pure at 9 Carats.

Native Scottish gold is amongst the purest at 22.8 carats.

In Europe 18 and 14 carat alloys are most commonly used in jewellery, however 9 carat is popular in Britain.

In many countries the law requires that every item of gold jewellery is clearly stamped with its caratage. Jewellery in many countries is stamped or hallmarked with its caratage. The hallmarking system was developed in London in the 14th century at Goldsmiths' Hall.

Marble Facts
      
Marble is composed mostly of igneous, sedimentary, older metamorphic rock, Dolomite limestone under extreme pressure and heat deep within the earth.

The word Marble is loosely applied to any Limestone or Dolomite that is acceptable for building stone and that will accept a polish.

Marble ranges in color because of impurities in the ground .This results in yellow, reds, black, green, grey, white, orange, and many other beautiful colored base colors and veining.

So marble is basically a Limestone, although many types are not thought of as such. Marble has been used for buildings, statues, columns and other ornate works for thousands of years.

The Romans and Greeks used great amounts of their native stone for construction of their buildings and religious works.

Today marble comes from many counties in the world to our market place, Granite from Brazil to Spain, Marble from Italy to around the world, Onyx from the middle East to Asia.

Many countries have stone they quarry and transform into Marble, Onyx, Granite, and Semi Precious materials that are made into counter tops, marble sinks , vanities, pedestal sinks, farm sinks and many more items.

With the advent of new sealers your stone can stay beautiful year after year, it is as easy as wipe on and wipe off.

Eye facts

Did you know:

that an eye is only 2.3 centimeter long on average?

that the eye lens sits within an envelope that is the thickness of a red blood cell? This envelope is what contains the artificial lens after a cataract operation.

that tears are meant to protect your eye? They contain natural antibiotics, they prevent the eye from drying out, they contain certain fats that reduce the evaporation of tears.

that the eye makes an aqueous fluid in side it, so the eye has a certain "pressure"?

that the retina contains 120 million rods for "night vision", and 8 million cones that are colour sensitive and work best under daylight conditions?

that light causes electric activity in the eye, that can be measured, and is sometimes used in tests to find out how the retina and the nerve of sight works?

that modern cataract operations have been made possible thanks to the second world war? Sir Harold Ridley, who was an ophthalmic surgeon in London, found that pilots came back from their missions with little pieces of perspex in their eye(shattered screens of the planes they were flying in), to which the eye did not seem to "object": no inflammation of any significance was found in their eye.This material was modified and further developed into artificial lenses that are used in cataract operations.

that about half of our brain is involved in the seeing process? Humans are very much visual animals.

Ever notice how many times your eyes blink?
Probably not, because we blink so fast. The average person blinks about 12 times a minute. That's an amazing 10,080 blinks in a kids day (14 waking hours). That's why when someone says "it happened in the blink of an eye," they mean it happened really fast.

How far can an eagle see?
A lot further than the human eye can see. An eagle can see a rabbit about 1 mile or 1760 yards away. Now the average person needs to be about 550 yards away to see the same rabbit. That's why when someone says "you must have eagle eyes," they mean you can see really far.

Does being color blind mean you only see in black and white?
Not exactly. People who are color blind just can't see things in as many colors as people who have normal vision, and they cannot see certain colors like red, green, and some blues. Not all color-blind people see colors the same way, either. That's why when someone says "you must be color blind," they mean you didn't pick out your colors too well.

If bats are blind, how do they "see" where they are going?
It is a common misconception that bats are blind. Almost all bats can see, and their sense of sight and smell is well developed, but these bats don't use their eyes to "see" where they're going. They use sound waves. They make high pitched sounds and then listen for the echoes caused when the sounds bounce off an object. Some bats can fly at a speed of up to 30 miles per hour. Their "radar" must be pretty good to fly that fast at night! Now you know why if someone says "you're as a blind as a bat," they mean you missed something or didn't see it.

If someone is nearsighted they can't see things near, right?
Actually it is the other way around. People who have nearsighted vision can see things that are near very well, but they have trouble seeing things far away clearly. The scientific name for nearsightedness is myopia.

People who have farsighted vision can see things far away clearly but have trouble seeing things close up. The scientific name for farsightedness is called hyperopia. Now that's a mouthful!

Eyes: Are the most complex organs you possess except for your brain.

Eyes: Are composed of more than two million working parts.

Eyes: Can process 36,000 bits of information every hour.

Eyes: Under the right conditions, can discern the light of a candle at a distance of 14 miles.

Eyes: Contribute towards 85% of your total knowledge.

Eyes: Utilize 65% of all the pathways to the brain.

Eyes: Can instantaneously set in motion hundreds of muscles and organs in your body.

Eyes: In a normal life-span, will bring you almost 24 million images of the world around you.

Eyes: The external muscles that move the eyes are the strongest muscles in the human body for the job that they have to do.

They are 100 times more powerful than they need to be.

Eyes: The adult eyeball measures about 1 inch (2.5 cm) in diameter. Of its total surface area only one-sixth is exposed the front portion.

Eyes: The eye is the only part of the human body that can function at 100% ability at any moment, day or night, without rest.

Your eyelids need rest, the external muscles of your eyes need rest, the lubrication of your eyes requires replenishment, but your eyes themselves "never" need rest.

Eyes are your most precious sense ... care for them properly!

That film is violent as hell, lol.

Mujrim said:

miss scorpio

make me coffee wth milk plzzzz

Dus sugar lohgay yah aaur bhi daluh?

<Makes coffee for Miss mine instead!>

This is a beautiful bell.

Shukariyah.

Lol, I'm hungry now.
Btw, nice pics.

To SK.

Yes, will you cook for me?

Anguilla.